假设我们需要实现一个基于网络的文件上传系统,用户可以通过客户端将本地文件上传到服务端。这种情况经常出现在文件存储和共享、云存储等应用场景中。使用Socket编程可以实现高效可靠的文件传输。
基于以上需求,我们可以使用C#的Socket编程实现一个文件上传系统,包括客户端和服务端的程序。在程序中使用Socket进行网络连接和数据传输,同时对连接错误和文件错误进行适当处理和异常捕获。
dotnet new wpf -n "FileUploaderClient"
MainWindow.xaml:
<Window x:Class="FileUploaderClient.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" Title="文件上传客户端" Height="350" Width="500"> <Grid> <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center"> <TextBlock Text="选择要上传的文件:" Margin="0 0 0 10" /> <Button Content="浏览..." Click="BrowseButton_Click" Width="80" Height="30" Margin="0 0 0 10" /> <TextBox x:Name="FilePathTextBox" Text="{Binding FilePath}" Width="300" Height="30" Margin="0 0 0 10" /> <TextBlock Text="输入服务端IP地址:" Margin="0 0 0 10" /> <TextBox x:Name="ServerIPTextBox" Text="{Binding ServerIP}" Width="200" Height="30" Margin="0 0 0 10" /> <TextBlock Text="输入服务端端口号:" Margin="0 0 0 10" /> <TextBox x:Name="ServerPortTextBox" Text="{Binding ServerPort}" Width="100" Height="30" Margin="0 0 0 10" /> <Button Content="上传" Click="UploadButton_Click" Width="80" Height="30" Margin="0 0 0 10" /> <TextBlock x:Name="ResultTextBlock" Text="{Binding ResultMessage}" Margin="0 10" TextWrapping="Wrap" /> </StackPanel> </Grid></Window>
MainWindow.xaml.cs:
using System;using System.ComponentModel;using System.IO;using System.Net.Sockets;using System.Security.Cryptography;using System.Text;using System.Windows;namespace FileUploaderClient{ public partial class MainWindow : Window, INotifyPropertyChanged { public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; private string filePath; public string FilePath { get { return filePath; } set { filePath = value; OnPropertyChanged("FilePath"); } } private string serverIP; public string ServerIP { get { return serverIP; } set { serverIP = value; OnPropertyChanged("ServerIP"); } } private int serverPort; public int ServerPort { get { return serverPort; } set { serverPort = value; OnPropertyChanged("ServerPort"); } } private string resultMessage; public string ResultMessage { get { return resultMessage; } set { resultMessage = value; OnPropertyChanged("ResultMessage"); } } public MainWindow() { InitializeComponent(); DataContext = this; } private void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName) { PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName)); } private void BrowseButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { Microsoft.Win32.OpenFileDialog openFileDialog = new Microsoft.Win32.OpenFileDialog(); if (openFileDialog.ShowDialog() == true) { FilePath = openFileDialog.FileName; } } private void UploadButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { try { // 读取本地文件 byte[] fileData = File.ReadAllBytes(FilePath); // 连接服务端并发送文件 using (TcpClient client = new TcpClient(ServerIP, ServerPort)) { using (NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream()) { // 发送文件名和文件长度 string fileName = Path.GetFileName(FilePath); byte[] fileNameBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(fileName); byte[] fileNameLengthBytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(fileNameBytes.Length); byte[] fileLengthBytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(fileData.Length); stream.Write(fileNameLengthBytes, 0, 4); stream.Write(fileNameBytes, 0, fileNameBytes.Length); stream.Write(fileLengthBytes, 0, 4); // 发送文件内容 int bufferSize = 1024; int bytesSent = 0; while (bytesSent < fileData.Length) { int remainingBytes = fileData.Length - bytesSent; int bytesToSend = Math.Min(bufferSize, remainingBytes); stream.Write(fileData, bytesSent, bytesToSend); bytesSent += bytesToSend; } ResultMessage = "文件上传成功!"; } } } catch (Exception ex) { ResultMessage = "文件上传失败:" + ex.Message; } } }}
使用该客户端程序,用户可以选择本地文件进行上传,并输入服务端的IP地址和端口号。客户端会将选择的文件发送给服务端进行保存。
这个示例实现了基于TCP协议的文件上传功能,使用TcpClient和NetworkStream进行连接和数据传输。文件被分成较小的数据包进行传输,发送前会计算文件名和文件长度,并通过4字节的长度前缀指示接收方应该接收多少数据。
dotnet new wpf -n "FileUploaderServer"
MainWindow.xaml:
<Window x:Class="FileUploaderServer.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" Title="文件上传服务端" Height="350" Width="500"> <Grid> <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center"> <TextBlock Text="输入要监听的端口号:" Margin="0 0 0 10" /> <TextBox x:Name="PortTextBox" Text="{Binding Port}" Width="100" Height="30" Margin="0 0 0 10" /> <Button Content="启动服务" Click="StartButton_Click" Width="80" Height="30" Margin="0 0 0 10" /> <TextBlock x:Name="ResultTextBlock" Text="{Binding ResultMessage}" Margin="0 10" TextWrapping="Wrap" /> </StackPanel> </Grid></Window>
MainWindow.xaml.cs:
using System;using System.ComponentModel;using System.IO;using System.Net;using System.Net.Sockets;using System.Security.Cryptography;using System.Text;using System.Threading;using System.Windows;namespace FileUploaderServer{ public partial class MainWindow : Window, INotifyPropertyChanged { public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; private int port; public int Port { get { return port; } set { port = value; OnPropertyChanged("Port"); } } private string resultMessage; public string ResultMessage { get { return resultMessage; } set { resultMessage = value; OnPropertyChanged("ResultMessage"); } } private TcpListener serverListener; private Thread serverThread; public MainWindow() { InitializeComponent(); DataContext = this; } private void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName) { PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName)); } private void StartButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { try { // 启动服务端监听 IPAddress ipAddress = IPAddress.Any; serverListener = new TcpListener(ipAddress, Port); serverListener.Start(); // 启动服务端线程 serverThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(ServerThreadProc)); serverThread.IsBackground = true; serverThread.Start(); ResultMessage = "服务启动成功!"; } catch (Exception ex) { ResultMessage = "服务启动失败:" + ex.Message; } } private void ServerThreadProc() { while (true) { try { // 接受客户端连接请求 TcpClient client = serverListener.AcceptTcpClient(); // 处理客户端连接请求 Thread clientThread = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(ClientThreadProc)); clientThread.IsBackground = true; clientThread.Start(client); } catch (Exception) { break; } } } private void ClientThreadProc(object parameter) { TcpClient client = (TcpClient)parameter; try { using (client) { using (NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream()) { // 读取文件名和文件长度 byte[] fileNameLengthBytes = new byte[4]; stream.Read(fileNameLengthBytes, 0, 4); int fileNameLength = BitConverter.ToInt32(fileNameLengthBytes, 0); byte[] fileNameBytes = new byte[fileNameLength]; stream.Read(fileNameBytes, 0, fileNameLength); string fileName = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(fileNameBytes); byte[] fileLengthBytes = new byte[4]; stream.Read(fileLengthBytes, 0, 4); int fileLength = BitConverter.ToInt32(fileLengthBytes, 0); // 接收文件内容 int bufferSize = 1024; byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize]; int bytesRead = 0; int totalBytesRead = 0; byte[] fileData = new byte[fileLength]; while (totalBytesRead < fileLength && (bytesRead = stream.Read(buffer, 0, Math.Min(bufferSize, fileLength - totalBytesRead))) > 0) { Buffer.BlockCopy(buffer, 0, fileData, totalBytesRead, bytesRead); totalBytesRead += bytesRead; } // 保存文件到本地 string savePath = Path.Combine(Environment.CurrentDirectory, "Uploads", fileName); if (File.Exists(savePath)) { savePath = Path.Combine(Environment.CurrentDirectory, "Uploads", Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(fileName) + "_" + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmssfff") + Path.GetExtension(fileName)); } using (FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(savePath, FileMode.CreateNew)) { fileStream.Write(fileData, 0, fileLength); } ResultMessage = "文件保存成功:" + savePath; } } } catch (Exception ex) { ResultMessage = "文件保存失败:" + ex.Message; } } }}
使用该服务端程序,用户可以输入要监听的端口号,并启动服务端监听。当有客户端连接时,服务端会接收文件数据,并保存到指定位置。
这个示例实现了基于TCP协议的文件接收和保存功能,使用TcpListener和TcpClient进行监听和连接,使用NetworkStream进行数据传输。文件被分成较小的数据包进行传输,发送前会计算文件名和文件长度,并通过4字节的长度前缀指示接收方应该接收多少数据。
启动服务端,开启端口12345。
启动客户端程序,配置服务端地址。
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